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■ Part 1: Practice with Different Types of IPv6 Addresses.
■ Part 2: Examine a Host IPv6 Network Interface and Address.
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With the depletion of the Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) network address space and the adoption and transition to IPv6, networking professionals must understand how both IPv4 and IPv6 networks function. Many devices and applications already support IPv6. This includes extensive Cisco device Internetwork Operating System (IOS) support and workstation/server operating system support, such as that found in Windows and Linux.
This lab focuses on IPv6 addresses and the components of the address. In Part 1, you will identify the IPv6 address types and IPv6 addresses abbreviation. In Part 2, you will view the IPv6 settings on a PC.
Required Resources
■ 1 PC (Windows with Internet access)
In this part, you will identify the different types of IPv6 addresses and practice compressing and decompressing IPv6 addresses.
Step 1: Match the IPv6 address to its type.
Match the IPv6 addresses to their corresponding address type. Notice that the addresses have been compressed to their abbreviated notation and that the slash network prefix number is not shown. Some answer choices must be used more than once.
Chapter 10: IPv4 and IPv6 Address Management 73
Answer choices:
Step 2: Practice compressing and decompressing IPv6 addresses.
Questions:
Using the rules of IPv6 address abbreviation, either compress or decompress the following addresses:
2002:0ec0:0200:0001:0000:04eb:44ce:08a2
2002:ec0:200:1::4eb:44ce:8a2
fe80:0000:0000:0001:0000:60bb:008e:7402 fe80::1:0:60bb:8e:7402
fe80::7042:b3d7:3dec:84b8 fe80:0000:0000:0000:7042:b3d7:3dec:84b8
ff00:: ff00:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000
2001:0030:0001:acad:0000:330e:10c2:32bf
2001:30:1:acad::330e:10c2:32bf
In Part 2, you will check the IPv6 network settings of your PC to identify your network interface IPv6 address.
Step 1: Check your PC IPv6 network address settings.
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Verify that the IPv6 protocol is installed and active on your PC-A (check your Local Area
Connection settings).
Note: The local router can refer host requests for IPv6 information, especially Domain Name System (DNS) information, to a DHCPv6 server on the network. |
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e. After you have verified that IPv6 is installed and active on your PC, you should check your IPv6 address information. |
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Step 2: |
Verify the IPv6 address settings using the Command Prompt. a. Open a command prompt and enter the ipconfig /all command. Your output should look similar to this: C:\Users\user> ipconfig /all Windows IP Configuration <output omitted> Wireless LAN adapter Wireless Network Connection: Chapter 10: IPv4 and IPv6 Address Management 75 |
Connection-specific DNS Suffix . :
Description . . . . . . . . . . . : Intel(R) Centrino(R) Advanced-N
6200 AGN
Physical Address. . . . . . . . . : 02-37-10-41-FB-48
DHCP Enabled. . . . . . . . . . . : Yes
Autoconfiguration Enabled . . . . : Yes
Link-local IPv6 Address . . . . . : fe80::8d4f:4f4d:3237:95e2%14
(Preferred)
IPv4 Address. . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.2.106(Preferred)
Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
Lease Obtained. . . . . . . . . . : Sunday, January 06, 2013 9:47:36 AM
Lease Expires . . . . . . . . . . : Monday, January 07, 2013
9:47:38 AM
Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.2.1
DHCP Server . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.2.1
DHCPv6 IAID . . . . . . . . . . . : 335554320
DHCPv6 Client DUID. . . . . . . . : 00-01-00-01-14-57-84-B1-1C- C1-DE-91-C3-5D
DNS Servers . . . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.1
8.8.4.4
<output omitted>
b. You can see from the output that the client PC has an IPv6 link-local address with a randomly generated interface ID.
Questions:
What does it indicate about the network regarding IPv6 global unicast address, IPv6 unique-local address, or IPv6 gateway address?
It indicates that there is no IPv6 enabled gateway router providing global address, |
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local address, or subnet information on the network. |
What kind of IPv6 addresses did you find when using ipconfig /all? Link-local address
Answers will vary, but most likely they will be link-local addresses also.
Future devices should support IPv6 because IPv6 will eventually replace IPv4. IPv6 also simplifies and speeds up data transmission. Furthermore, IPv6 was built with security in mind as it encrypts traffic and checks packet integrity.
The IPv6 adoption will continue while IPv4 network continues to support IPv4 user devices. It is still a long time before everyone switches over to IPv6 completely. This link provides some insight into the IPv6 capable by country: https://stats.labs.apnic.net/ipv6.
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These events represent the PC’s request to resolve the URL to an IP address, the server’s providing of the IP address, the PC’s request for the web page, the server’s sending the web page in two segments, and the PC’s acknowledging the web page.
The first tab in the PDU Information window contains information about the inbound and/or outbound PDU as it relates to the OSI model. Click Next Layer >> repeatedly to cycle through the inbound and outbound layers and read the description in the box below the layers to get an overview of how the exchange works.
Examine the PDU information for the other events to get an overview of the entire exchange process.
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c. The first line of the output shows cisco.com converted to an IP address by DNS. You should be able to see the effect of DNS even if your school has a firewall that prevents pinging, or if Cisco has prevented people from pinging their web server. C:\Users\Student> ping cisco.com
Pinging cisco.com [72.163.4.185] with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 72.163.4.185: bytes=32 time=34ms TTL=244
Reply from 72.163.4.185: bytes=32 time=32ms TTL=244
Reply from 72.163.4.185: bytes=32 time=34ms TTL=244 Reply from 72.163.4.185: bytes=32 time=34ms TTL=244 Ping statistics for 72.163.4.185:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 32ms, Maximum = 34ms, Average = 33ms
Questions:
Which IP address is shown on the screen?
72.163.4.185
Should cisco.com always resolve to the same IP address? Explain.
It does not always resolve to the same IP address because there are multiple public IP addresses that resolve to cisco.com.
List a few applications (besides the ping command) that need DNS to translate a domain name to an IP address. Perform an internet search as necessary.
A web browser, FTP client, or email client.
Step 2: Verify DNS operation using the nslookup command.
a. At the command prompt, enter the nslookup command.
C:\Users\Student> nslookup
Default Server: google-public-dns-a.google.com
Address: 8.8.8.8
>
The output above shows that the Default DNS Server was configured to use a Google DNS server.
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80 Networking Essentials Lab Manual
Question:
What is your Default Server listed as?
MYOPTIMUSPJS03.sunwayedu.local
At the prompt, type ? to see a list of all the available commands that you can use in nslookup mode.
Question:
List three commands that you can use with nslookup:
domain=NAME - set default domain name to NAME srchlist=N1[/N2/.../N6] - set domain to N1 and search list to N1,N2, etc.
root=NAME - set root server to NAME
set type=x to set the query type, server <NAME> to set the default DNS server, and help to get command help
Questions:
What is the translated IP address?
Your answers may vary. At the time of writing, these were the translated IP addresses:
2001:420:1101:1::185 and 72.163.4.185
Is the IP address an IPv4 address or an IPv6 address?
At the time of writing, the domain name was resolved for both IPv4 and IPv6.
Is it the same as the IP address shown with the ping command?
Yes.
At the prompt, type the IP address of the Cisco web server that you just found. What is the Name result?
The answer can vary. At the time of writing, www1.cisco.com was the name result.
Step 3: Identify mail servers using the nslookup command
> set type=mx
Server: google-public-dns-a.google.com Address: 8.8.8.8
Non-authoritative answer:
cisco.com MX preference = 20, mail exchanger = rcdn-mx-01.cisco.com cisco.com MX preference =
30, mail exchanger = aer-mx-01.cisco.com cisco.com MX preference = 10, mail exchanger = alln-mx01.cisco.com >
Question:
What are the names of the Cisco mail servers identified in the mail exchanger field? aer-mx-01.cisco.com, alln-mx-01.cisco.com, rcdn-mx-01.cisco.com.
Question:
Write the IP addresses of all the DNS servers that your school computer uses.
172.18.41.14
172.18.41.15
Answers will vary.
We would not be able to browse the web or use any network application that relies on name to IP address translation.
Email, printer, and file-share name translations. Active Directory domain controller function.