Exercise 1: Prefix Notation
Use Racket as an interactive Scheme calculator. Scheme uses prefix notation. Example:
(* 6 (- 10 5))
This expression will evaluate to 30 because 6 * (10 - 5) = 30.Calculate the sum of the squares for the numbers 1 to 4. Hint: Your result should be 30.
Calculate both solutions to 2x^2 + 5x - 3 = 0.
Calculate the result of the sin(pi/4) cos(pi/3) + cos(pi/4) sin(pi/3)
Exercise 2: Local and Global Definitions
Global definition use define and local definition use let bindings.Define a global constant
(define myFavorite 42)
Verify that you can use the definition.Define locals with let
(let ((x 1) (y 2))
(+ x y))
Verify that after the evaluation x and y are no longer defined, e.g. by using (* x y)Use a local let binding for the angles to calculate sin(pi/4) cos(pi/3) + cos(pi/4) sin(pi/3) again.
Exercise 3: Procedures
Lambda expressions create local procedures.
((lambda (x y) (+ x y)) 1 2)
This code defines the lambda and then uses it with the arguments 1 and 2.Use a lambda with the angles as arguments to calculate sin(pi/4) cos(pi/3) + cos(pi/4) sin(pi/3) again.
We can also define global procedures.
(define foo (lambda (x y) (+ x y)))
Call the function foo with 1 and 2 as arguments.
Note that the syntax of Scheme follows strict form. The first entry in a list is treated as a function. Lists are written with round brackets. In fact all the above calculations used a list to express the calculation.
You can find more information in our textbook The Scheme Programming Language by R. Kent Dybvig, especially, Section 2.5 Lambda Expressions.
Define a global function to calculate sin(alpha) cos(beta) + cos(alpha) sin(beta) with alpha and beta as parameters.
Exercise 4: Quadratic equation
Define a global function that finds both roots of a quadratic equation ax^2+bx+c = 0 with a,b,c as arguments. Note that you can calculate two solutions and return them as a list as follows:
(define foo (lambda (x y) (list (+ x y) (- x y))))
Exercise 5 and Quiz:
The following top-level define uses local lambda functions in its calculations (Half-angle trigonometric identity). Change the definition to instead use local let bindings.
(define (halfTrig theta)
(/ (* 2 ((lambda (x) (tan (/ x 2))) theta))
(+ 1 ((lambda (y) (* y y)) ((lambda (x) (tan (/ x 2))) 1.57)))))
